Trullo is a type of conical construction in traditional dry stone of central-southern Puglia. Trulli were generally built as temporary shelters in the countryside or permanent homes for farmers. In the town of Alberobello, in Puglia, a whole district contains trulli. The golden age for the construction of trulli was the nineteenth century, which was marked by the development of wine growing.
Trulli may take on a circular or a square plan. The trullo that is part of a grouping of three, four, or five follows a squarish plan. It may serve as a kitchen, bedroom, animal shelter, store room for food or tools, oven, or cistern.
The cone may have a symbol painted on it. Such symbols may include Christian symbols such as a simple cross, a cross on a heart pierced by an arrow , a circle divided into four quarters with the letters S, C, S, D in them (for Sanctus Christus and Sanctus Dominus) according to one source, but more likely, the initials of Santo Cosma and Santo Damiano, the two saints to whom the local basilica is dedicated, and quite a few others.
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